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    翻译语种-英语翻译

    文章来源:北京中慧言翻译公司    更新时间:2021-08-05 13:07:45

    英语翻译是现阶段全球翻译量较大的语种,在中国英语占有了85%的翻译量,各种材料的翻译全是涉及到英语与汉语中间的变换,在其中:中译英、英译中占有绝大多数,也包含一些英语与其他语种中间的翻译。涉及到行业:工程项目,医药学,化工厂,航空公司,汽车等所有 领域。

    世联翻译企业现阶段是中国较大的英语翻译组织之一,自公司建立之初起,就以打造出英语翻译第一品牌为总体目标,各自以英语为关键语种,各自创建了:英语法律法规翻译部,英语工程项目翻译部,英语机械设备翻译部,英语金融业翻译部为5大关键单位。后边历经扩展,如今早已涉及到了:有效证件,医药学,航空公司,化工厂,工程项目,汽车,等2一个行业。

    关键语种:

    英译中、中译英、英译日、日译英、英译韩、韩译英、英译法、法译英

    英译俄、俄译英、英译繁体版、繁体版译英

    涉及到的行业:

    汽车英语翻译、化工厂英语、航空公司英语、医药学英语、原油英语、地质环境英语

    金融业英语翻译、工程项目英语翻译、机械设备英语翻译、高新科技英语翻译、工程建筑英语翻译、英语文学类翻译

    包含的服务项目:

    英语毕业论文翻译、英语投标书翻译、英语合同书翻译、英语网址翻译、英语财务审计报告翻译

    英语书籍翻译、英语工程图纸翻译、英语指南翻译、英语使用说明翻译

    步骤:

    1、翻译咨询顾问掌握关键点

    2、工程项目评定文档

    3、制订最好解决方法

    4、翻译与质量控制双严格把关

    5、技术专业极致排版设计

    6、售后服务维护保养跟踪

    在这儿概述英语翻译的八大常见问题

    一、戒“从一而终”

    中文简明扼要,语句灵便,通常是一个汉语词汇相匹配N个英语语汇,实际到在本句中应当选用那一个意项,尽量把握住精神,不能以静制动。对于如何应变力,这就是表明译员功底的地区了。

    例如:全是“难题”,下边的翻译不尽相同,基本上是打一枪换一个地区。

    一同关注的难题 questions of common interest

    解决困难 solve a problem

    难题的重要 the heart of the matter

    至关重要的问题 a key problem

    原则性问题 a question/ matter of principle

    难以解决的难题 an outstanding issue

    没什么难题 Without any mishap

    摩托有点儿难题。 Something is wrong with the motorcycle.

    难题没有这儿。 That is not the point.

    近期揭发出相当严重的受贿、贪污受贿和四风问题难题。 Serious cases of embezzlement, bribery, and bureaucracy have been brought to light recently.

    译员要把握这类汉英翻译中的“游击战术”,翻译家该是不一样“文化艺术帝国”国界线上的“游击战谋略家”。

    沙博里将《水浒传》译为:Outlaws of the Marsh(沼泽上的亡命之徒)。杨宪益译将司马迁的《国殇》译为:For Those Fallen for Their Country,北外出版社出版将《儒林外史》译为:The Scholars。这种全是译员弄懂了全文的本意而译出的优秀作品。

    二、戒易错成语,机械设备意译

    这大多数是新手犯的问题,她们便于被表象所蒙蔽,作出让人哭笑不得的事儿。

    黄牛党(yellow cow——ox前误后正,相同)黄鹂(yellow bird ——oriole)

    自小两小无猜(green plum bamboo horse——grew up together)

    丝瓜( yellow melon——cucumber) 海菜(purple vegetable ——laver)

    大白菜( white vegetable ——Chinese cabbage)

    红木家具(red wood——pad auk) 红豆衫(red fir——Chinese yew)

    黑势力(black society ——sinister gang)

    三、戒“土水不符合”,习惯性配搭不当

    这确实是难易度很大的难题,它规定译员不仅有较高的汉语涵养,又要有较高的英文功底,一知半解的人经常在这里“车翻”。如:

    写罢,掷笔在桌子。又歌了一回,再饮数一杯酒,不知不觉中陶醉,力不敌酒,便呼调酒师测算了,取些银两算还,多的都赏了调酒师。

    And tossed the pen on the table. He intoned the verses to himself, then downed a few more cups of wine. He was very dunk. Song-Jiang asked for the bill, paid, and told the waiter to keep the change.(沙博里译《水浒传·浔阳楼宋江吟反诗》)

    现阶段,《水浒传》最好是的英译本就是沙博里老先生的本子h了。沙博里出世在国外,青年人时赶到我国,一住便是大半个多新世纪。为了更好地译好《水浒传》,听说他刻苦钻研了山东省的地方志和故时家乡话,可以说精城而致,译著既“达”又“雅”。殊不知历史时间告知大家,我国古代人沒有使用过签字笔,宋时要的或是软笔,故the pen 应改成the writing-brush。

    白洋淀的导游员牌上,“红菱”被硬邦邦的地翻译成Red Ling。棱角有对应词的,应改成Red Water Chestnut。这儿经常有老外参观考察,这般翻译,令人汗颜!

    下边的几个译文翻译就不错地照料到欧洲人的逻辑思维和了解习惯性。

    老人道:“西方国家却去不可。那山离此有六十里远,恰好是西方国家必然选择。却有八百里火苗,周边满目疮痍,若过此山,便是铜脑盖,铁躯体,还要化为汁哩。”

    "It's impossible to get to the west," the old man replied, "The mountains are about twenty miles from here. You have to cross them to get to the west, but they're over 250 miles of flame. Not a blade of grass can grow anywhere around. Even if you had a skull of bronze and a body of iron, you would melt trying to cross them."

    (詹纳尔译《西游记·孙悟空一调芭蕉扇》)

    英国把貿易和公民权利扯在一起,只能危害两国之间的经济发展权益。

    The US policy of linking trade with human rights can only bring harm to the economic interests of the two countries.

    关起门来搞基本建设是不了的,中国发展离不了全球。 China can't develop in isolation from the rest of the world.

    四、戒主语黯淡

    主语是语句的生命, 定住译文翻译的主语的是重要的一步棋。主语定偏了,全部语句将看起来疏松困乏,乃至会欺诈阅读者。

    假如这个问题不处理,必然危害两国之间的权益。

    Failure to settle this issue is bound impair the relations between the two countries seriously.

    If the problem is not solved , it is sure to affect the interests between the two countries

    在上面的二种译文翻译中,显而易见第一种译文翻译主语选得好,语句顺畅。

    一同的权益把我们两个杰出的我国联接在一起。

    What holds our two great nations together is the cement of common interests.

    此句主语一部分解决得甚为干净利索。

    操吴戈兮披犀甲,车错毂兮短兵接。

    We grasp huge shields, clad in Rhinoceros Hide;the Chariots clash, the Daggers gashing wide.(杨宪益译《屈原·国殇》)

    司马迁一开场就“操吴戈兮披犀甲,车错毂兮短兵接”,显而易见必须填补应该有的主语。在《国殇》诗里,后边也有“身既死兮神以灵,子灵魂兮为鬼雄”的语句,由此可见司马迁是以“笑面人”的角度来写战死沙场的官兵的,并非把自己混为军内一员。译文翻译中的主语应改成“They”较妥。

    厨房里少了一条鱼,主人家立誓要一查到底,抓出偷鱼的贼。

    Finding a fish in kitchen was lost, the host swore to find out the thief who stole the fish.

    虽然中文中好像有“餐厅厨房”“主人家”2个主语,译员坚决地选中了the host作主语。打线清楚,提高了语句的粘结力。

    美国夏威夷的沙滩上,椰影婆裟,海风习习,一妙龄女郎正躺在乳白色的塑胶椅上宁心安神。

    On the Hawaiian sandy beach, the coconut palms are whirling, the congenial sea breeze is blowing, and a young lady is lying in the white plastics chair resting to restore energy.

    由于是轻轻松松教材,也是说明性的文本,应用三个主语the coconut palms、the congenial sea breeze、a young lady仍是可用的。

    五、戒构造简单,组成生涩 “拉郎配”

    因为汉英构造不一样,表达形式迥然不同,“强制翻译”不但读起來怪怪的,并且会闹笑话。这就规定译员在翻译时灵便应用融合的方法,将语句融合,突显中文中所暗含的层级,填补所缺少的成份。有时候要将简单句翻译成并列句,有时候将并列句翻译成主从关系句。

    在留念毕业后二十周年聚会活动时,我突然问及原先的教导主任:“我身高又不矮,如何把我分配在了第一排呢?”

    At the reunion party for 20 anniversary of graduation from university, I suddenly asked my former teacher in charge of our class then:" Since I am not of short stature, how did you arrange me at the first row?"

    一个深度近视的女博士去擦鞋店擦高统靴,秃顶老总亲自蹲下给她服务。

    When a woman doctor who suffers a severe myopic went to shoes-polishing shop for her buskins,the bald boss squatted down to serve her personally.

    黑体字一部分,恰好是切合了英语的表述习惯性。

    六、戒“愚忠”,未谙调整之道

    大家广为人知的物品老外很有可能会觉得一头雾水,译员必须提升必需的表明和填补或是减译。不然,老外会不明就里。终究,中译英最后是给外国人看的。

    比如:风水学

    fengshui——the location of a house or tomb, supposed to have an influence on the fortune of a family

    比如:(英国对台)“三不政策”

    会当凌绝顶,一览众山小。

    One day I shall climb

    Clear to the summit,

    See how small surrounding

    Mountain tops appear as they lie below me

    (新西兰人瓦伦蒂诺·艾黎译《杜甫·望岳》)

    I can't open my eyes to watch you jumping into the fiery pit, for I will shut my eyes at the time.

    我不会眼睁睁看着你往火坑里跳,到时候我会闭上的。

    不要嫌我黑,两眼放光辉;不要嫌我瘦,一身好精肉。

    Do not Cold-shoulder me for my swarthy(黝黑的) face, but I have a pair of bright piercing(敏锐的) eyes;

    Do not Cold-shoulder me for my slight figure, but I'm lean and healthy.

    文中the location of a house or tomb, supposed to have an influence on the fortune of a family.

    on support for Taiwan independence, no support for a two-China policy, and on support for Taiwan membership in international organizations on the basis of statehood.

    七、戒语句重复

    汉语多重复,以强化语气;英语则要尽量避免重复。

    先生曰:“狼负我,狼负我!”狼曰:“吾非固欲负汝。天生汝辈,固需吾辈食也。”

    "You are an ungrateful beast," complained the man.

    "Not at all," retorted the wolf, "it is not that I'm ungrateful, but you men were created for us to devour."

    (颜惠庆译《马中锡·中山狼传》)

    王曰:“此鸟不飞则已,一飞冲天;不鸣则已,一鸣惊人。”

    "The bird may not have flown yet", replied the King,"Once it does, it will soar to the sky. I may not have cried out yet, but once it does, it will startle everyone."

    (杨宪益译《史记·滑稽列传》

    阿凡提借了财主一锭金子,还他时给了他两锭。

    Afanty borrowed a small ingot of gold from a moneybags, but repaid him two ones.

    (选自艾临《幽默新大陆》)

    又斗争,又团结,以斗争的手段,达团结之目的。

    Unity, struggle, unity through struggle.

    中国人也好,外国人也好,死人也好,活人也好,对的就是对的,不对的就是不对的。

    What is right is right and what is wrong is wrong, no matter what it concerns, the Chinese or foreigners, the dead or the living.

    八、戒另起炉灶,走失精气神,沦为法国作家梅纳日所批评的 “不忠的美人”——即语言优美但不忠于原文。(参见2005年08月26日《济南日报》: 艾临文章《不忠的美人与忠实的美人——写在〈每天幽它一默〉出版后》)严复在翻译《天演论》时偶 有为“雅”而不“信” (见陈廷佑《英文汉译技巧》)。译文要力求其“信”,尽可能契合汉语原来句子的气势、情绪和结构。

    例如,元朝人王实甫写下了《西厢记》,张雪静改编后并作了翻译——

    掏出张生那封信,回头环视见梳妆台上的梳妆盒,眼睛一转,心里说有了,将信放了进去,合上盖时故意压了一角露在外面。

    Rose took out Zhang's letter, she thought, “It would be better to put it in her make-up case, and letter find it herself.” So she put the letter in the case, leaving a corner of it sticking out, so that it would be quickly noticed.

    不难看出,译文与原文相去甚远,互不吻合,成了“两张皮”。

    我们不希望这件事影响中美关系。

    China hates to see Sino-US relations damaged by this incident.

    用China hates to比“We don't hope”贴切。

    吾十五有志于学,三十而立,四十而不惑,五十而知天命,六十而耳顺,七十而从心所欲不愈矩。

    At fifteen, I had my mind bent on learning truth; at thirty, my words deeds were appropriate; at forty, I perceived truth and doubts ceased; at fifty, I understood what heaven had mandated for mankind; at sixty, I could comply with the appointments of heaven; at seventy, I could do as my heart desired, and never swerved from the path of right.

    (金沛霖译《论语》)

    你已经死在过深的怨愤里了吗?

    死?不,不,我还活着——

    请给我以火,给我以火!

    Have you perished in this deep rancor and bitterness?

    Death? No, no. I'm still alive.

    Please give me a light, give me a light!

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